(( Nelson Mandela ))

Turning points :

- Mandela became involved in politics

- Mandela and several others were charged with treason. Conducting their own defence they 

   eventually proved to be victorious

- The Sharpeville massacre of 63 black South African’s changed the whole political climate this 

   led Mandela to advocate armed struggle through the Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK).

- Although negotiations were painfully slow and difficult, they eventually led to Mandela’s release in   1990.

- His advocacy of reconciliation led to international acclaim and importantly the trust of the White   

   African population.

Achievements : 

- Mandela and was groomed for becoming chief of his local tribe

- Mandela was able to finish his degree and qualified as a Lawyer

- In 1952 Mandela and Tambo opened the first Black Law firm in South Africa

- In 1944 Mandela helped found the ANC Youth League

- Mandela’s release in 1990

- on 10 May 1994 Nelson Mandela was inaugurated as the first democratically elected State President

  of South Africa on and was President until June 1999

- In 1993 Nelson Mandela was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize

1918- Nelson Mandela was born at Qunu, near Umtata
 1952- Mandela and Tambo opened the first Black Law firm in South Africa
1944- Mandela helped found the ANC Youth League
1949- Programme of Action was adopted by the ANC
1952- Defiance Campaign
 1960 -the Sharpeville massacre of 63 black South African’s changed the whole political climate
 1962- Mandela had been arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment in the notorious Robben Island 
           prison
1990- It was an emotional moment watched by millions around the globe
 1994-1999 Nelson Mandela was inaugurated as the first democratically elected State President of
                   South Africa on and was President 
1993- Nelson Mandela was awarded the Nobel Peace Prizejointly with F.W. De Klerk

 1965 - Fred Hollows was head of the Eye Department at a Sydney Hospital
 1960- Fred got a job in Australia
 1970's- he helped launch a national program to attack eye disease in Aboriginal Australians
 1980- Fred was travelling all over the world to help set up eye health programs in
           developing countries
 1989- Fred Hollows knew he wouldn't live to see all his ideas happen
 1993-Fred died at home surrounded by his friends, his wife Gabi and their five children